This article examines why Japan was not charged with war crimes after World War II. It looks at the Tokyo Trials and the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE) which tried Japanese leaders accused of committing war crimes during World War II. The IMTFE judgement found 25 out 28 defendants guilty on various counts, but none were convicted on charges related to state-sponsored actions such as those related to biological warfare or atomic bombings. Reasons for this decision include political considerations, limited jurisdiction of international tribunals, and lack of evidence. Criticisms of this decision are discussed, such as the feeling of justice being incomplete for victims suffering under the brutal regime.