Japan has been experiencing a declining birthrate for decades, and the government has implemented several policies to encourage people to have more children. The incentives for having children in Japan include financial support, work-life balance, maternity and paternity leave, childcare services, elderly care support, cultural attitudes, fear of pregnancy and childbirth, lack of social support, education opportunities, pride in family lineage and national identity. While the government's policies have made progress in addressing some of these issues, there is still much work to be done to reverse the declining birthrate trend.