Japan and Russia have a strong diplomatic relationship today, despite their history of wars and conflicts. This article explores the historical background between the two countries, the current status of their relationship, the legal definition of war and whether or not Japan and Russia are still technically at war, as well as the impact that war has had on bilateral relations and Japanese-Russian trade. It is concluded that while there may be some tension due to past conflicts, neither side wishes to resume armed conflict against each other meaning they are not currently "at war" according to international law standards.