This article provides an overview of adoption in Japan, including who can adopt, the process for adopting a child, how many kids you can adopt, and financial and cultural considerations. Eligibility requirements to adopt in Japan include being over 20 years old and having lived in Japan for at least three years. The process involves submitting an application form to the MHLW and completing additional paperwork such as background checks and home studies. Generally speaking, individuals or couples living together over 5 years may adopt up to two children simultaneously provided they meet all other requirements set out by Japanese law.