This article explores the historical and modern views of twins in Japanese culture, from superstitions about them bringing good or bad luck to the role of Shintoism in shaping beliefs about them. It also looks at how attitudes towards twins have changed over time and how this has had an effect on the economy, with increased demand for twin-specific products leading to economic growth. Finally, it examines what the future may hold for twins in Japan with increased fertility treatments leading to an increase in twin births.