This article explores the number one crime in Japan, which is theft and robbery. Statistics from the National Police Agency of Japan show that in 2019 there were 871,976 cases reported involving theft or robbery, with 719 arrests made. Factors contributing to this crime include economic inequality between urban and rural areas, easy access to drugs, lack of education about personal safety measures among certain groups within society, and poverty among certain sections of society leading them into committing these kinds of offenses out necessity rather than choice or malice aforethought. The Japanese government is taking steps to address this issue by increasing funding for police forces across different areas; introducing tougher sentences for those found guilty; providing educational programs about personal safety measures; and introducing community policing initiatives aimed at reducing crime rates.