This article explores the divorce process in Japan and answers the question: Who initiates divorce in Japan? Divorce laws are based on the Civil Code of Japan and require a couple to have been married for at least three years and prove that their marriage has broken down irrevocably. Generally, it is one spouse who initiates the divorce proceedings, but there are some cases where both spouses may initiate together or where one spouse may file without informing their partner first. Factors influencing which spouse initiates a divorce include social pressure, financial instability, infidelity, incompatibility, abuse or wanting more freedom or independence. Divorce rates have been steadily increasing since 2000 due to changing social norms and values surrounding marriage but still carries a stigma attached that can make it difficult for those involved to move forward after separation from their partner(s).