Japan's geography, culture, military strategies, technological advancements, political stability, susceptibility to natural disasters, island hopping strategy, kamikaze attacks, and cultural isolation have all contributed to its historical success in defending itself against invasion. The country's four main islands and numerous smaller islands surrounded by water made it difficult for foreign powers to reach Japan without being vulnerable to attack from Japanese naval forces. Additionally, Japan's mountainous terrain made it challenging for ground troops to advance. The strong warrior tradition and samurai class instilled discipline, loyalty, courage and martial arts skills in Japanese soldiers. Japan developed a sophisticated system of fortifications that included castles, walls and moats strategically placed along the coast and inland regions. During the Edo period (1603-1868), Japan isolated itself from the rest of the world and developed its own unique technologies such as firearms, swords and cannons. This gave Japanese soldiers an advantage over foreign troops who were not familiar with these weapons. Furthermore, Japan's naval