This article examines the complex relationship between humans and animals in Japan, exploring its long history of respecting and caring for animals, as well as cases of animal abuse and neglect reported in the country. It looks at the government's role in protecting animal welfare through laws and regulations, as well as campaigns run by domestic non-profit groups and international organizations to raise awareness about issues affecting different species. Overall, attitudes towards animals remain largely positive, with cats and dogs being the most popular pets kept domestically. Zoos, aquariums, wildlife parks, safari parks, petting zoos, farms and other animal-related businesses also adhere to strict standards set by both national government regulations and international standards. With continued efforts in education and outreach programs it is hoped that all creatures can be treated with respect, kindness, compassion and dignity.