This article examines the evidence to determine if Japanese people are the healthiest in the world. It looks at their traditional diet, lifestyle, and healthcare system which all contribute to their good health outcomes. Studies have found that traditional Japanese diets may be protective against obesity while physical activity is an important part of life in Japan and cultural values such as respect for elders are linked with better mental health outcomes. Japan also has a universal healthcare system which provides access to medical care for all citizens regardless of income level or employment status. Japanese people also have some of the lowest rates of chronic illnesses and obesity and longest life expectancies in the world compared with other countries. All these factors likely contribute significantly towards why Japanese people tend to enjoy better overall health than many other populations around the world.