This article examines the role of presumption of innocence in Japanese law and its implications for criminal proceedings. It is based on civil law derived from the German model, meaning that it relies heavily on written codes and statutes to define rights and obligations. In Japan, individuals have a right to remain silent but this does not carry any special legal significance. Prosecutors must prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt, however defendants are also required to provide evidence that supports their innocence if they wish for it to be taken into consideration. There have been attempts by activists to introduce greater protections for defendants but these have been unsuccessful due to opposition from powerful figures within government circles.