This article explores the leading cause of death in Japan, which is heart disease. It discusses the Japanese healthcare system and how it provides universal coverage to all citizens. It also looks at other causes of death such as cancer, stroke, pneumonia and chronic lower respiratory diseases (CLRD). Additionally, it examines the impact of heart disease on Japanese society, lifestyle changes that can help reduce risk for developing it, and government measures to combat it. Finally, it concludes with a reminder that continued effort from both individuals and governments alike is needed to reduce deaths due to this condition.