Japan's geological history includes volcanic activity, earthquakes, and tsunamis that have shaped its landscape and culture. The country sits on the Pacific Ring of Fire, with four major tectonic plates converging under it. Japan has over 100 active volcanoes, including Mount Fuji, and several submarine volcanoes. Hot springs or onsen are also prevalent due to geothermal activity. Japan experiences thousands of earthquakes every year, with strict building codes in place to ensure safety. The Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 was a devastating earthquake that triggered a massive tsunami and nuclear disaster. Tsunamis are a constant threat to coastal areas in Japan.