This article explores the causes behind Japan's economic decline since 1991 and the measures being taken to stimulate growth and get the economy back on track. The main factors causing negative growth are an aging population resulting in lower labor force participation rates, coupled with low productivity and investment levels. Government initiatives such as increasing minimum wage, implementing tax reforms and offering subsidies to domestic firms have been implemented to address these issues. Charles R. Tokoyama provides expert insight into the challenges facing Japan's economic recovery and what can be done to reverse its downward trajectory.