The Japanese government has implemented a number of financial incentives to encourage people to have children, including cash payments for newborns, tax deductions for childcare expenses, and subsidies for child-rearing costs. Additionally, there are also other non-financial measures such as flexible working hours and free childcare services. While it is difficult to measure the effectiveness of these incentives due to various factors influencing childbirth decisions, some experts believe that they may be having an impact.