This article explores the prevalence of Cesarean sections (C-sections) in Japan, which is significantly higher than the global average of 19%. It examines various factors contributing to this trend such as preference for convenience among pregnant women, lack of access to midwives or doulas, and financial incentives encouraging doctors to perform more C-sections. It also discusses the impact of C-sections on maternal and infant health in Japan and government initiatives to reduce C-section rates. Challenges facing reduction efforts include cultural norms surrounding childbirth, lack of access to midwives, and financial incentives encouraging doctors.