This article explores the issue of overpopulation in Japan, looking at its causes and effects, as well as government policies to address it. It is estimated that Japan's population could drop below 100 million by 2050 due to low birth rates and an aging population. Overpopulation can lead to increased competition for jobs and resources, higher housing prices, and a strain on public services such as health care and education systems. Additionally, it can cause environmental issues such as deforestation or destruction of natural habitats for wildlife species. The government has implemented a number of policies designed to reduce population growth or encourage citizens to move out of urban areas into rural ones. However, there are still challenges faced when attempting to address overpopulation due primarily due cultural norms associated with having children and resistance towards immigrants from other parts of Asia.